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Library - Learning + Information skills: Referencing
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Questioning Finding Selecting Creating Evaluating
If you cannot validate a reference's authorship, date of publication or its authoritativeness, especially if it is an online resource, consider using another similar reference that is more authoritative instead.
The entire website
A page on a website
A discussion thread
Social Media / Online Communication
Blog post
Comment on a blog or article
Tweet (short/untitled message)
Podcast
Email
Interviews / Speeches
Podcast of an interview
Interview on a DVD
Interview in an online journal
Live radio interview
Personal Interview [UNPUBLISHED]
Speech / Reading / Address / Lecture etc. [UNPUBLISHED]
.
Click below for full detailed guides for MLA referencing:
Mention the author's name in sentence, only cite the page number.
Don't mention the author's name in sentence, cite name and page number.
Font and capitalisation must match that in the reference list.
Long quotations (more than four lines) are indented.
More than one reference at the same point in a document are separated with a semicolon e.g. (Smith 150; Jackson 41).
If the work has no author, use the title.
Multiple works by the same author, add title words. eg (Smyth, "Memories of Motherhood" 77).
If two authors have the same surname, use their first initial e.g. (G. Brown 26).
Recommended heading for the reference list is Works Cited, which should be centred.
Each reference should be formatted with double-spacing and a hanging indent.Watch this video to learn how to create a hanging indent in MS Word 2010.
Capitalise the first word of the title or subtitle, and all other significant words.
Author's names should be listed with full forenames if known.
The name of the first author has their family name first. Additional author's names are not inverted (e.g. Smith, Adam, and Laura Childs).
If you cite more than one work by the same author, give the name in the first entry only. Thereafter, use three hyphens instead of the name, e.g. ---.
If a reference does not have an author, list it by title. Ignore the leading article (A, The etc.) in the works cited list.
If you cannot validate a reference's authorship, date of publication or its authoritativeness, especially if it is an online resource, consider using another similar reference that is more authoritative instead.
For a journal article in an online database (e.g. via the Library website) include the name of the database (italicized).
Use the URL that you see in the browser (omitting http:// or https://) unless the source identifies a DOI or permalink associated with it.
When the title page lists two or more publishers which seem equally responsible for the work, cite each of them separating the names with a forward slash (e.g. Cambridge UP / Routledge).
